关键词: 绝经, 慢性肾脏病, 激素替代治疗, 骨质疏松

Abstract:

Menopause refers to the permanent cessation of menstruation after ovulation stops. Since menstruation can be restored after hormone replacement therapy or kidney transplantation,the traditional definition of menopause does not apply to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The age of menopause in patients with CKD is advanced,and it is generally believed that it is related to destruction of hypothalamicpituitarygonadal axis. Infrequently associated with vasomotor symptoms,the incidence of vasomotor symptoms in CKD patients is low,and hormone replacement therapy can effectively relieve symptoms. Compared with the premenopausal,postmenopausal patients with CKD increases the risk of cardiovascular events and osteoporosis fractures. Due to the lack of sufficient evidence,CKD patients are not advised to use hormone replacement therapy to prevent cardiovascular events. There is currently a lack of prospective longitudinal clinical trials for the efficacy/side effects of CKD 4～5D postmenopausal osteoporosis patients.

Key words: menopause, chronic kidney disease, hormone replacement therapy, osteoporosis