ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

导航

肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 335-341.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-298X.2025.04.006

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

肾组织铁死亡在致纤维化中的作用机制研究

  

  • 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2025-08-28

The role and mechanism of ferroptosis in renal fibrosis

  • Online:2025-08-28 Published:2025-08-28

摘要: 目的:通过腺嘌呤诱导的慢性肾脏病(CKD)大鼠模型结合体外实验,探讨铁死亡在肾脏纤维化中的作用和机制。
方法:5~6 周龄雄性 SPF 级 SD 大鼠随机分为对照组(n=15)和 CKD 组(n=18),通过腺嘌呤灌胃法构建 CKD 模型。分别于第 2、4、6 周末,每组随机选取 5 只大鼠,处死并留取肾组织,检测铁、丙二醛(MDA)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,逆转录 - 聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、免疫组化检测肾脏铁死亡及纤维化相关因子表达。体外实验用铁死亡诱导剂(RSL3)诱导人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2 细胞)死亡,铁死亡抑制剂(Fer-1)抑制细胞死亡,检测经干预后的细胞活力、铁死亡和纤维化相关因子表达。
结果:CKD 组大鼠肾组织铁、MDA 升高,GSH 降低,α 平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、1 型胶原蛋白(COL1A1)表达均升高,转铁蛋白受体 1(TFR-1)和铁转运蛋白(FPN)表达先升高后降低,铁蛋白(FTH)表达均升高,4 - 羟基壬烯醛(4-HNE)表达升高,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4(GPX4)表达均降低,上述改变随时间进展呈现动态变化。GPX4 表达与 α-SMA、COL1A1 呈负相关。RSL3 处理的 HK-2 细胞表现为细胞活力降低、活性氧(ROS)升高、GSH 含量减少、GPX4 表达降低,α-SMA 和 COL1A1 的表达升高,上述改变可被 Fer-1 逆转。
结论:腺嘌呤诱导的 CKD 大鼠肾脏纤维化进程中均存在铁死亡,且促进纤维化的进展,可能与铁死亡刺激肾小管上皮细胞转分化有关。

关键词: font-family:Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ", font-size:16px, background-color:#F9FAFB, ">慢性肾脏病, 肾脏纤维化, 铁死亡

Abstract: Objective: To explore the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in renal fibrosis through an adenine-induced rat model of CKD combined with in vitro experiments.
Methodology: 5~6-week-old male SPF-grade SD male rats (190-230 g) were randomly divided into Control group (n=15) and CKD group (n=18), and the CKD model was constructed by adenine gavage. At the end of the 2nd, 4th and 6th weekends, 5 rats were randomly selected from each group to be executed, and iron content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and glutathione (GSH) content were detected. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of renal ferroptosis and fibrosis-associated factors. In vitro experiments, ferroptosis was induced in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) by ferroptosis inducer (RSL3) and inhibited by ferroptosis inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1, Fer-1). Cell viability, ferroptosis-related markers, and fibrosis-associated factors were measured after intervention.
Results: The CKD group showed increased iron content, MDA content, and decreased GSH levels. The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and alpha 1 type I collagen (COL1A1) increased, transferrin receptor 1 (TFR-1) and ferroportin (FPN) initially increased and then decreased; ferritin heavy chain (FTH) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) levels increased; and GPX4 expression decreased. The above changes showed dynamic progression over time. GPX4 expression level was negatively correlated with α-SMA and COL1A1 levels. RSL3-treated HK-2 cells exhibited reduced viability, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased GSH content and GPX4 expression, and upregulated α-SMA and COL1A1. The above changes could be reversed by Fer-1.
Conclusion: Ferroptosis was involved in the fibrotic process of adenine-induced CKD rats and contributes to the progression of fibrosis, which may be related to ferroptosis-stimulated transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells.

Key words: font-family:Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ", font-size:16px, background-color:#F9FAFB, ">chronic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, ferroptosis