关键词: 滤泡辅助T细胞, 移植免疫学, 肾移植, 抗体介导的排斥反应

Abstract: Antibody-mediated rejection （ABMR） is considered a common cause of long-term graft damage and a significant determinant of transplant failure. Donor-specific antibodies （DSA） are closely associated with ABMR. Follicular helper T （Tfh） cells are the key effector cells in promoting B cell proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells and memory B cells，contributing to the induction of DSAs and participating in the humoral immune response against allografts. This article reviews the biological characteristics and functions of Tfh cells，describes the driving and regulatory role of Tfh cells in DSA production and ABMR immunity of kidney transplant recipients，and discusses the effects of conventional transplantation immunotherapy on Tfh cells and the biological targeted therapy.

Key words: follicular helper T cells, transplantation immunology, kidney transplantation, antibody-mediated rejection