ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 460-465.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-298X.2023.05.013

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膜性肾病靶抗原与分子标志物研究进展

  

  • 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-10-25

Progress on target antigens and molecular biomarkers in membranous nephropathy

  • Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-10-25

摘要: 膜性肾病(MN)是一种免疫密切相关的肾小球疾病,发病机制的核心在于体内产生针对肾小球足细胞特定抗原的自身抗体,两者反应形成免疫复合物。近年来,一系列靶抗原相继被识别与鉴定,其检测方法包括液相色谱串联质谱分析、激光显微切割联合质谱分析、免疫组织化学、免疫荧光显微镜检测等,旨在从复杂的生物样本中确定并验证特定的抗原分子。此外,MN患者尿液和血液标本中一些蛋白质、代谢物和非编码RNA水平与健康对照存在显著差异,这些分子标志物在MN的诊断、病情监测和预后评估中具有显著意义。


关键词: 膜性肾病, 靶抗原, 分子标志物

Abstract: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a glomerular disease closely associated with immune system dysregulation. The pathogenic cornerstone of MN lies in the generation of autoantibodies targeting specific antigens located on podocytes, culminating in the formation of immune complexes. Recent advancements in high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), laser microdissection-mass spectrometry (LMD-MS), immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence microscopy have enabled the identification and validation of a series of target antigens from complex biological samples. In addition, the levels of certain proteins, metabolites and ncRNA in urine and blood samples of MN were different from those in healthy controls, and these molecular biomarkers were of significant significance in the diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis assessment of MN.

Key words: membranous nephropathy, target antigen, molecular biomarker