关键词: 血液透析, 动静脉内瘘, 血管通路, 通畅性监测

Abstract: Arteriovenous vascular access serves as the “lifeline” for patients undergoing hemodialysis. Autologous arteriovenous fistula and arteriovenous graft are recognized as the preferred choices of vascular access for hemodialysis. The patency and optimal function of arteriovenous vascular access are closely associated with the dialysis quality and survival rate of patients undergoing dialysis. Occlusion or dysfunction of arteriovenous access can significantly increase the risk of complications and mortality among dialysis patients, as well as impose a considerable economic burden. Therefore, it is of critical importance to monitor and maintain arteriovenous vascular access in a proper and effective manner to ensure its optimal functionality. This article provides a review of the functional monitoring and maintenance strategies for arteriovenous vascular access.