ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2015, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 301-306.

• 论文 •    下一篇

狼疮性肾炎足细胞病患者的临床病理特征及预后

  

  • 出版日期:2015-08-28 发布日期:2015-09-01

Clinic-pathological characteristics and outcome of patients with lupus podocytopathies

  • Online:2015-08-28 Published:2015-09-01

摘要:

摘要 目的:回顾性分析狼疮足细胞病临床、病理特征及远期预后。方法:SLE伴肾损害,肾活检光镜和电镜检查符合狼疮足细胞病的患者53例(女48例,男5例,中位年龄31岁,中位病程1.5月)。回顾性分析患者的临床、病理特征及远期预后。结果:53例狼疮足细胞病占同期狼疮性肾炎的1.41%,其中50例表现为肾病综合征,17例(32.1%)伴急性肾损伤(AKI),9例(17.0%)合并镜下血尿和高血压。根据肾活检光镜改变分为系膜增生(MP,n=31)、轻微病变(MCD,n=13)和局灶节段肾小球硬化(FSGS,n=9)三组。超微病理显示中位足细胞足突融合比例85%,三组间无明显差异。FSGS组AKI发生率(77.8%)显著高于MP组(22.6%)和MCD组(23.1%)(P<0.01),肾小管间质急性病变程度也明显高于其他两组(P<0.05)。与MCD组(23.1%)相比,MP组(83.9%)和FSGS组(88.9%)低C3血症的比例显著升高(P<0.01)。激素或激素联合免疫抑制剂诱导治疗69.8%获得完全缓解,FSGS组完全缓解率(22.2%)显著低于MCD组(92.3%)和MP组(74.2%)(P<0.01)。中位随访时间60月,29例(54.7%)肾病复发,13例复发后行重复肾活检,其中6例发生病理转型,无ESRD或死亡病例。结论:狼疮足细胞病以肾病综合征或伴AKI为主要特征,组织学改变可为轻微病变、系膜增生或FSGS,激素或激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗敏感,但病理为FSGS者AKI发生率高、肾小管损伤重且治疗缓解率低。本病复发率高,部分发生病理转型,长期随访预后良好。

关键词: 狼疮性肾炎, 足细胞病, 临床, 病理, 预后

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigated the clinical, histological characteristics and outcomes of SLE patients with lupus podocytopathy.Methodology: 53 SLE cases with renal involvement and biopsy-proven lupus podocytopathy were collected. Their clinical,immunological pathological features and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The patients with lupus podocytopathy accounted for 1.41% of lupus nephritis patients in the same period. 50 cases presented as nephrotic syndrome in which 17 cases were complicated by acute kidney injury(AKI). Pathological manifestation under LM showed mesangial proliferation (MP) in 31 patients, minimal change disease(MCD) in 13 and focal segmental glomerulonephritis(FSGS)in 9.The incidence of AKI was much higher in FSGS group than in MCD and MP group (P<0.01).Compared with MCD group,the ratio of low serum C3 level was significantly higher in MP and FSGS group(P<0.01). 69.8% of all cases received complete remission(CR) undering induction treatment of glucocorticoid or steroids in combination with immune depressant.The CR rate in FSGS group was much lower than in the other two groups(P<0.01). 29 cases(54.7%) relapsed during follow-up. 13 patients had repeat renal biopsy while histological transition was found in 6 . No patient progressed to end stage renal failure or death. Conclusion: Lupus podocytopathy is characterised by nephrotic syndrome ,often complicated by AKI,and different histologic changes including MCD, MP and FSGS. It has high remission rate and benign prognosis, but easy to relapse. Patients with FSGS showed more serious renal lesion and worse therapeutic response.

Key words:  lupus nephritis, podocytopathy, pathological, classification, prognosis