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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 526-534.

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非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关肾脏损害

  

  • 出版日期:2013-12-28 发布日期:2013-12-28

Renal Lesions Associated with non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Series of 20 Patients

  • Online:2013-12-28 Published:2013-12-28

摘要:

摘 要 目的: 了解非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关肾脏损害的临床和病理特征。 方法: 回顾分析因肾脏损害入院的非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的临床表现、 实验室检查及肾活检病理资料。   结果: 20例患者,平均年龄 53.1± 13.4岁,男性17例,女性3例。来源于B细胞淋巴瘤16例(80%):分别是8例慢性淋巴细胞白血病/小B淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤, 4例弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤,2例淋巴浆细胞淋巴瘤,1例结外黏膜相关组织淋巴瘤,1例套细胞淋巴瘤。来源于T/NK细胞淋巴瘤的4例(20%),其中2 例鼻T/NK细胞淋巴瘤,2 例T细胞淋巴瘤。20例(100%)均有蛋白尿,4例有肉眼血尿,14例(70%)出现肾功能不全,平均血肌酐228 ± 181umol/L。 6例表现为肾病综合征,5例表现为急进性肾炎综合征。5 例免疫固定电泳示k型IgM单克隆球蛋白,3例血清冷球蛋白阳性,2 例抗核抗体阳性; 2例抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体阳性。肾活检病理改变分别为: 肾小球膜增生样病变7例, 肾小球系膜增生伴新月体形成3例,节段坏死性肾炎1例,肾小球轻微病变6例,肾小球毛细胞血管内单克隆免疫球蛋白沉积1例,肾小球毛细血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤1例,原发于肾脏大B细胞淋巴瘤1例。8例肾间质伴有形态均一的淋巴样细胞浸润,免疫组化示CD20阳性。 随访中,9例患者死亡,2例失访。2例患者肾功能持续正常,其余7例患者治疗后肾功能有所改善。 结论:  非霍奇金淋巴瘤可引起肾脏损害,其中以小B淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤是为多见,其次是弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤和T/NK细胞淋巴瘤。NHL相关肾脏损害轻重不一,多数患者有大量蛋白尿,急性肾损伤。肾脏病理以肾小球膜增生样病变最为多见,其次是新月体形成,部分患者肾小球病变轻微,但小管间质病变重;近半数患者血清中可检出自身抗体、冷球蛋白和单克隆免疫球蛋白。因此,临床医生必须认识淋巴瘤肾脏损害的特点,及时行相关淋巴结、骨髓或组织活检,以明确诊断,以免漏诊与误诊而延误治疗。

关键词: 非霍奇金淋巴瘤, 肾损害, 病理

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objective: Renal involvement is an under-recognized complication in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of this study is to describe the spectrum of renal lesions in patients with NHL. Methodology: Renal involvements related to NHL were identified retrospectively. The clinical features, laboratory data and renal biopsy findings were assessed for each patient at the time of renal biopsy. Results: Twenty patients diagnosed as NHL, including chronic leukocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (n=8), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n=4), T/NK cell lymphoma (n=3), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (n=2), cutaneous T cell lymphoma (n=1), mucora-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (n=1), and mantle cell lymphoma (n=1). All of them presenting with proteinuria, 5 patients had nephrotic syndrome, and 3 had gross hematuria.and. 14 patients had impaired renal function with a high level of serum creatinine 228±181umol/L, A wide spectrum of renal lesions could be observed in renal pathology, included: (1)Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis–like pattern in 7; (2)Crescent formation in 4; (3)Minimal-change disease in 6; (4)Intraglomerular large B-cell lymphoma in one; (5)Intracapillary monoclonal IgM deposits in one; (6)Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of kidney in one; (7)Lymphocytic infiltration (positive for the B cell marker CD20) of kidney parenchymawas also observed in 8 patients. During follow-up, 2 patients were lost; 9 died; 2 with normal renal function, and the remaining 7 patients had renal function improved after therapy. Conclusion: Although renal involvement related to NHL is infrequent, a wide spectrum of renal lesions is observed, and correlation with the type of lymphoma. Renal biopsy remains essential for diagnosing the kidney involvement.

Key words: non-Hodgkin’s,  , lymphoma, renal lesion, renal biopsy