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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 219-224.DOI: 10.3969 / j.issn.1006⁃298X.2025.03.004

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者冠状动脉钙化情况及甲状旁腺切除术后变化分析

  

  • 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2025-06-26

Coronary calcification in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism and its changes after parathyroidectomy

  • Online:2025-06-28 Published:2025-06-26

摘要:   要  目的:评估继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进( SHPT) 患者冠状动脉( 简称冠脉) 钙化的情况,分析其可能的危险因素,比较甲状旁腺切除术( PTX) 对冠脉钙化的影响。   方法:回顾性分析因严重 SHPT 至南京医科大学第二附属医院行 PTX 346 例患者,术前完善患者冠脉 CTA、血清生化指标等检查,统计分析 SHPT 患者冠脉钙化情况及其危险因素,PTX 后 1~ 2 年全面复查的患者 31 例,比较术前、术后冠脉钙化的变化及影响因素。 结果:346 例患者中女性 147 例、男性 199 例,平均年龄 48.54± 10.30 岁,透析龄 100.08± 48.90 月,102 例患者曾服用含钙磷结合剂降磷治疗,184 例患者曾行活性维生素 D 冲击治疗。 346 例患者中有 288 例( 83.23%) 存在冠脉钙化,将钙化积分≥400 作为重度冠脉钙化组( 183 例,52.89%),<400 分作为非重度冠脉钙化组( 163 例,47.11%),统计分析可见,重度冠脉钙化组男性较多、年龄较大、透析龄较长、术前的全段甲状旁腺激素( iPTH) 较高、患有糖尿病比例更高、肌钙蛋白 T 较高、N 末端 B 型利钠肽前体( NT⁃proBNP) 较高。  所有冠脉血管狭窄中, 最常累及的是前降支( 77.1%)、右冠脉( 65.6%)、回旋支( 51.5%),其中重度狭窄( 狭窄程度>70%) 比例前降支 16.2%、右冠 13.5%、回旋支 7.6%。 将是否存在重度冠脉钙化做二分类 Logistic 回归,发现男性( OR = 2.273,95% CI 1.425 ~ 3.628, P = 0.001)、年龄越大( OR = 1.047,95%CI 1.022~ 1.073,P<0.001)、 术前iPTH 越高( OR = 1.001,95%CI 1.000~ 1.001, P = 0.001)、合并糖尿病( OR = 5.713,95%CI 1.595~ 20.465,P = 0.007),是重度冠脉钙化的危险因素。  行PTX 后1~ 2 年复查生化、冠脉 CTA 等指标,iPTH、血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶较术前明显下降,冠脉钙化积分的变化无统计学意义,术后冠脉钙化减轻组较钙化加重组术后补钙剂量更小、胆固醇更低。 结论:绝大多数的 SHPT 患者均存在冠脉钙化问题,男性、高龄、合并糖尿病、高 iPTH 均是发生严重冠脉钙化的危险因素。  PTX 后冠脉钙化无明显变化,但高胆固醇、较大剂量补钙均是术后冠脉钙化加重的因素。

关键词: 继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进, 冠脉钙化, 甲状旁腺切除术

Abstract: Objective: To  evaluate  coronary  artery  calcification  in  patients  with  secondary  hyperparathyroidism ( SHPT),  analyze  its  risk  factors  and  compare  the  effects  of  parathyroidectomy PTX )   on  it.       Methodology: A retrospective analysis was performed in 346  patients  who  received  PTX  in  our  hospital  due  to  severe  SHPT.  Preoperative coronary artery CTA and biochemical  examinations  of  the  patients  were  completed  for  further  statistical  analysis, so  as  to understand the  situation  of  coronary  artery  calcification  and  its  risk  factors  in  patients  with  SHPT.  The  changes  and influencing factors of coronary calcification before  and after  PTX were  compared in 31 patients 1 to 2  years  after  PTX. Results:Among the 346 patientsthere were 147 female patientswith an average age of 48.54±10.30 years and a dialysis age of 100.08± 48.90  months.  A  total  of  102  patients  had  been  treated  with  calcium⁃based  phosphate  binder,  and  184 patients had been treated with active vitamin D shock therapy. Among the 346 patients288 cases 83.23%had coronary artery calcification.  The  calcification  score ≥400  was  considered  as  the  severe  coronary  artery  calcification  group  ( 183 cases52.89%), and the score < 400  was  considered  as  the  non⁃severe  coronary  artery  calcification  group  ( 163  cases47.11%). In the severe coronary artery calcification group, there were more malesolder agelonger dialysis agehigher preoperative iPTHhigher proportion  of  diabetes,  higher  troponin  T,  and  higher  NT⁃proBNP.  Among  all  coronary  artery calcification stenosis, the anterior  descending  branch  77.1%),  right  coronary  artery  65.6%)  and  circumflex  branch 51.5%)   were  most  commonly  involved,  with  the  proportion  of  severe  stenosis  in  the  anterior  descending  branch 16.2%), right coronary artery 13.5%)  and  circumflex  branch  7.6%).  Binary  Logistic  regression  was  performed  for the presence OR absence of  severe  coronary  calcification, and  it  was  found  that  the  male  OR = 2.273,95% CI  1.425 ~ 3.628,P = 0.001), the older the ageOR = 1.047,95%CI 1.022~ 1.073,P<0.001), the higher preoperative iPTH OR= 1.001,95%CI 1.000~ 1.001,P = 0.001), the patients with diabetesOR = 5.713,95%CI 1.595~ 20.465,P = 0.007), the more likely it was to have severe coronary calcification. Biochemical and coronary CTA indicators were re⁃examined 1 to 2 years  after  PTX.  Parathyroid  hormone,  blood  calcium,  blood  phosphorus  and  alkaline  phosphatase  were  significantly decreased compared with those before surgeryand the changes in coronary calcium score were not statistically significant. Conclusion:Coronary artery calcification exists in most SHPT patients. Maleold agelong dialysis age and high iPTH are risk factors for severe coronary artery calcification. There was no significant change in coronary artery calcification after PTXbut  high  cholesterol  and  large  dose  of  calcium  supplementation  were  the  factors  that  aggravated  coronary  artery calcification.

Key words: secondary hyperparathyroidism, coronary artery calcification,  parathyroidectomy