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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 441-446.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006⁃298X.2025.05.007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

综合康复干预改善血液透析患者椎旁肌厚度与功能的价值

  

  • 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-10-30

Comprehensive rehabilitation intervention improves muscle thickness and function of paraspinal muscles in hemodialysis patients: value of surface electromyography assessment#br#
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  • Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-10-30

摘要: 目的:探讨表面肌电图(sEMG)评估血液透析(HD)患者综合康复干预改善椎旁肌厚度与功能的价值。方法:选取 2024 年 2 月至 12 月首都医科大学附属北京康复医院收治的 122 例 HD 患者,随机分为对照组(常规治疗,n=61)与观察组(综合康复干预,n=61),干预周期均为 12 周。比较两组患者干预前后椎旁肌厚度、sEMG 检测静息及动态功能指标值(均方根值振幅、绝对值均值、中位频率、平均功率频率),并观察躯体功能、运动能力及营养代谢指标变化。结果:干预后,两组患者椎旁肌厚度、sEMG 指标、躯体功能及营养代谢指标均随干预时间延长而改善(均 P<0.05);观察组干预后 6 周、12 周时上述各指标改善幅度显著大于对照组,时间 × 组别交互效应均显著(均 P<0.05)。结论:综合康复干预能够显著改善 HD 患者椎旁肌厚度和功能,采用 sEMG 技术能够客观反映该干预方案的改善效果。

关键词: 血液透析, 表面肌电图, 综合康复干预, 椎旁肌

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of surface electromyography (sEMG) in assessing muscle thickness and functional improvement of the paravertebral muscles after comprehensive rehabilitation intervention in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methodology: A total of 122 HD patients admitted to Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital from February 2024 to December 2024 were randomly divided into a control group (conventional treatment, n=61) and an observation group (comprehensive rehabilitation intervention, n=61), with a 12⁃week intervention period. Paravertebral muscle thickness, sEMG resting and dynamic functional indexes (RMS, MAV, MF, MPF), physical function, exercise capacity, and nutritional metabolism indexes were compared before and after intervention. Results: After intervention, all indexes improved with the extension of intervention time in both groups (all P<0.05). The improvement of the above indexes in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group at 6 and 12 weeks, with significant time×group interaction effects (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive rehabilitation intervention can significantly improve the thickness and function of paravertebral muscles in HD patients. The sEMG technique can objectively reflect the improvement effect of the intervention program.


Key words: hemodialysis, surface electromyography, comprehensive rehabilitation intervention, paravertebral muscles