ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 238-244.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

急性肾损伤患者近期预后的影响因素

  

  • 出版日期:2016-06-28 发布日期:2016-07-04

Risk factors for short-term prognosis in patients with acute kidney injury

  • Online:2016-06-28 Published:2016-07-04

摘要:

摘 要 目的:研究急性肾损伤(AKI)住院患者近期内的临床及肾脏预后,分析其相关影响因素。 方法:选取2013年10月至2014年9月在南京医科大学第一附属医院住院并符合AKI(KDIGO)诊断标准的成人患者,观察AKI患者30d存活及出院时肾脏预后,并分析30d死亡及肾脏不恢复的相关危险因素。 结果:(1)AKI的发病率为1.6%(1401/87196),男女比例为2.03:1,平均年龄(63.2±37.2)岁、中位住院时间18d;院内病死率为15.8%(222/1401),30d死亡率为35.3%,出院时患者肾功能完全恢复、部分恢复和不恢复分别占52.0%、14.5%、33.5%。(2)多因素Logistic回归分析AKI患者30d死亡的独立危险因素包括高龄、慢性肝脏疾病史、少尿史、合并肾外脏器衰竭、原发病为恶性肿瘤和肺部疾病。(3)多因素Logistic回归分析得出高龄、少尿史、合并肾外脏器衰竭、行肾脏替代治疗(RRT)、AKI分期、总胆红素升高、血红蛋白和血清白蛋白降低是肾功能不恢复的独立危险因素。 结论:高龄、少尿、合并其他脏器功能损伤等为AKI患者预后不良的危险因素,对这类患者应密切监测肾脏功能,做到早预防、早发现,降低AKI不良预后风险。

关键词: 急性肾损伤, 住院患者, 预后, 危险因素

Abstract:

Abstract Objective: To investigate the short-term prognosis of people and kidney in AKI inpatients, as well as its related risk factors. Methodology: From Oct 2013 to Sep 2014, hospitalized patients (≥18 years old) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University according with AKI (KDIGO, 2012) criteria were enrolled into this retrospective study. Survival of AKI patients in 30 days after AKI diagnosis and prognosis of kidney when discharged were both observed, and its related risk factors were also analyzed. Results: (1) The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients was 1.6%. Ratio of male to female was 2.03:1, average age was (63.2 ± 37.2), and median hospital stay was 18d. In-hospital mortality and 30d mortality of AKI patients was accounted for 15.8% and 35.4%, respectively. Patients discharged with complete renal recovery, partial renal recovery and no recovery was accounted 52.0%, 14.5% and 33.5%, respectively. (2) Age, history of chronic liver disease and oliguria, combined with extra-renal organ failure, malignancy and pulmonary diseases were independent risk factors for 30d mortality of AKI patients. (3) Multivariate analysis showed that age, oliguria, extra-renal organ failure, RRT, AKI stage, higher total bilirubin , lower hemoglobin and albumin level were independent risk factors for no recovery of renal. Conclusion: Age, oliguria and combined with other organs damage were risk factors for poor prognosis of AKI inpatients. Thus, renal function should be closely monitored. Also, prevention and early detection would be helpful to reduce risk of AKI prognosis.

Key words: acute kidney injury, inpatients, prognosis, risk factors