ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 115-120.

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IgA肾病患者肾组织肥大细胞的分布及意义

  

  • 出版日期:2011-04-28 发布日期:2011-06-02

Significance of renal mast cells in different subtypes of IgA nephropathy

  • Online:2011-04-28 Published:2011-06-02

摘要:

目的:了解不同亚型IgA肾病(IgAN)患者肾组织中肥大细胞的分布及其与各种疾病指标的相关性,全面探讨肥大细胞在IgAN中的可能病理意义。  方法:选取包括大量蛋白尿型、反复发作肉眼血尿型、高血压型、无症状尿检异常型、血管炎型在内的IgAN患者共110例,根据肾组织肥大细胞特异性高表达C3aR的特点,利用免疫组化的方法对所有患者的肾穿刺活检标本切片进行C3aR免疫组化染色,计数各切片C3aR强阳性细胞数,同时测量切片面积,计算各患者肾组织肥大细胞分布密度(同时选取正常供肾15例作为对照);在此基础上,利用统计学方法,进行肾组织肥大细胞密度与包括血、尿生化指标,肾小管间质相对面积和肾组织炎症细胞密度在内的各种病理指标进行相关性分析,探讨肥大细胞在IgAN中的病理意义。  结果:(1)肥大细胞广泛存在于各亚型IgAN患者肾组织中;与正常对照相比,各亚型IgAN患者肾组织中的肥大细胞数均有明显的增加。(2)当将所有IgAN患者作为一个整体来进行分析时,肾组织中肥大细胞数与反映肾功能的指标(血肌酐和血Cystatin C水平)、反映肾小管损伤程度的指标(尿RBP和尿溶菌酶水平)以及反映肾小管间质损伤的指标(包括炎症指标:间质炎症细胞数量,和慢性化病变指标:肾小管间质相对面积)具有显著相关性,而与反映肾小球损伤的指标(尿C3、尿α2微球蛋白和24h尿蛋白水平)以及反映肾小管急性损伤的指标(尿NAG水平)则无明显的相关性。3、不同亚型IgAN肾组织肥大细胞与各种病理指标的相关性存在着明显的差异,其中,反复发作肉眼血尿型与其他亚型的差异性最为明显。  结论:肥大细胞很可能参与了包括大量蛋白尿型、反复发作肉眼血尿型、无症状尿检异常型、高血压型和血管炎型在内的各种亚型IgAN的病理过程。但肥大细胞在不同亚型IgAN中的地位和作用机制很可能存在着差异。作为一个重要的主要影响肾小管和肾小管间质损伤的因素,肥大细胞在IgAN中的作用非常值得我们关注。

关键词: IgA肾病 , C3aR , 肥大细胞

Abstract:

Objective: To realize the distribution of renal mast cells in patients with different subtype of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and to investigate the possible roles of mast cells in the disease. Methodology: One hundred and ten cases including different subtypes of IgAN [Massive proteinuria type (MP, n=18), Recurrent gross hematuria type (R-GH, n=21), Hypertension type (HT, n=18), Asymptomatic urinary abnormality type (U-ab, n=18), Vasculitic type (Vas, n=36)] were selected and their renal sections of biopsies were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. The number of C3aR highly positive cells that represent renal mast cells in each section was counted, the density of the cell was calculated, and the correlation between mast cells and both clinical and pathological indexes were analyzed. Results: Mast cells were found increased in the renal tissue of all IgAN subtypes when compared with that of transplantation donors. The density of renal mast cells was found correlated significantly with indexes reflecting renal function (the levels of serum creatinine and cystatin C), indexes reflecting the degree of renal tubular injury (the levels of urine RBP and urine lysozymel) and indexes reflecting the degree of interstitial injury (relative interstitial area and interstitial inflammation cells) when all the IgAN cases was analyzed as a whole. However, only in recurrent gross hematuria type, the number of renal inflammatory cells was correlated well with mast cells. In all IgAN subtypes, mast cells were found more often correlated well with indexes reflecting renal function and indexes reflecting interstitial injury. Conclusion: Renal mast cells may be involved and contribute to the development of all subtypes of IgAN. However, the exact mechanism and the manner the mast cells exert their roles may vary in different subtype of the disease.

Key words: IgA nephropathy , C3aR , mast cell