ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2015, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 225-230.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

腹膜透析治疗终末期狼疮性肾炎的临床观察

  

  • 出版日期:2015-06-28 发布日期:2015-07-01

The end stage renal disease of lupus nephritis treated with peritoneal dialysis

  • Online:2015-06-28 Published:2015-07-01

摘要:

摘 要 目的:狼疮性肾炎(LN)是临床上最常见的继发性肾小球肾炎,LN进展至终末期肾衰后行腹膜透析(PD)预后如何,国内尚无文献分析报道。本文评估终末期LN患者行维持性PD治疗的并发症及临床预后。方法:本文为回顾性研究,选取2002年7月至2012年9月因LN合并肾功能不全行PD治疗的46例患者作为治疗组(简称狼疮组),同时随机抽取92例与LN组患者的年龄、性别、eGFR水平相匹配的非糖尿病肾病患者作为对照组(简称肾炎组),随访均超过3个月。比较分析两组患者的血红蛋白和血白蛋白水平、腹透相关并发症(包括导管并发症、感染并发症、非感染相关并发症)、退出原因以及临床预后(患者生存率、技术生存率)等。结果:两组患者的男女比例均为0.53:1,平均年龄(35.5±13.2 vs 36.5±10.7岁,p>0.05)。LN组患者在透析前的血红蛋白水平(8.1±1.9 vs8.9±1.6mg/dl,p<0.01)及血白蛋白水平(31.9±6.5 vs 38.4±5.2g/L,p<0.01)均明显低于肾炎组。两组患者的透析充分性无统计学差异。两组的尿素清除指数(Kt/V)及肌酐清除率(Ccl)均无统计学差异。LN组患者的腹膜炎发生率明显高于肾炎组(26.1% vs 6.5%,P<0.05),按照目前国际统一的诊断标准LN组与肾炎组腹膜炎发生频率分别为0.18 vs 0.03次/年。维持PD的治疗时间LN组患者明显低于肾炎组(14.4±15.8 vs 22.5±16.9月,p<0.05)。LN组患者的死亡原因主要与感染相关,75%的LN患者死于感染(包括腹膜炎、肺部感染、败血症),且感染更加严重,预后更差,总的死亡率明显高于肾炎组。两组患者导管并发症及非感染并发症无明显统计学差异。结论 LN组患者的感染率发生率高,其患者生存率及技术生存率均明显低于肾炎组。究其原因考虑LN组患者的血浆白蛋白水平明显低于肾炎组以及免疫抑制剂的应用有关。

关键词: 狼疮性肾炎, 腹膜透析, 生存率

Abstract:

Abstract Objective:To estimate the efficacy and complications of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) to lupus nephritis (LN) and give some therapeutic advises. Methodology:Forty six ESRD lupus patients who started PD from July 2002 to December 2012 were involved in this retrospective cohort study, and 92 PD patients randomized from non-diabetic ESRD were regarded as control group. The two groups were matched by age, sex and eGFR at the beginning of PD. The follow-up time was more than 3 months. The data of hemoglobin, albumin, PD associated complications (catheter associated complications, infectious and non-infectious complications),cause of drop-off and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed. Result:The sexual ratios of the two groups were both 0.53 male to 1 female. The average age of LN and control group was 35.5±13.2 and 36.5±10.7 years.(P>0.05). Before starting PD therapy, the concentration of hemoglobin and serum albumin in LN group was 8.1±1.9g/dl and 31.9±6.5g/l less than that in control group 8.9±1.6g/dl and 38.4±5.2g/l (p<0.01). The incidence of peritonitis in LN group was obviously higher than that in control group (26.1% vs 6.5%, P<0.05). There were no statistical differences of Kt/V and CCl between two groups. The mean duration time of PD in LN and control group was 4.4±15.8 and 22.5±16.9 months (p<0.05). The LN group had a higher mortality than that of control group. The most (75%)of LN patients with PD died of various infections including peritonitis, lung infection and septicemia. Patients in LN group suffered more severe infections and worsen outcomes. Catheter associated complications and non-infectious complications of the two groups had no significant difference. Conclusion:ESRD LN patients with PD suffered more infectious complications and had lower survival rate and technical survival rate, which can be attributed to lower serum albumin level and prescription of immune-suppressive drugs.

Key words: peritoneal dialysis, lupus nephritis, survival rate