Abstract:

Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. In spite of significant improvements in the prevention and treatment of DN, many patients still develop end-stage renal disease. Clinically，proteinuria and microalbuminuria remains the major diagnostic biomarkers of DN，despite low specificity and sensitivity. It is a global puzzle to identify an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in current medicine field. Recently there have been many new advances in this area according to different pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. More investigation results based on the systems biology approaches need to be further validated. 

Key words: Diabetic nephropathy,  Biomarkers, Podocyte,  Endothelial function,  , Tubular biomarkers,  Inflammation, Systems biology