ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 401-406.

• 论文 •    下一篇

维持性血液透析患者心血管钙化的发生率及分布特点

  

  • 出版日期:2014-10-28 发布日期:2014-11-03

Prevalence distribution of cardiovascular calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients

  • Online:2014-10-28 Published:2014-11-03

摘要:

摘  要 目的:探讨维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者心血管钙化分布及相关因素。方法:选择MHD≥3个月的患者144例,完善实验室检查,螺旋CT检测冠状动脉钙化评分(CACS,Agaston法),腹部侧位平片检测腹主动脉钙化评分(AACS,Kauppila法),心脏超声检测心脏瓣膜钙化情况,计算心血管钙化指数(CCI)。结果:本组患者影像学可见钙化的总发生率为70.83%,全无钙化者占29.17%,普遍钙化者占26.39%,选择性钙化者占44.4%。CACS>100的患者占50.7%, AACS>5的患者占48.5%,瓣膜钙化以二尖瓣为主(34.2%)。钙化总发生率无性别差异,随年龄和透析龄的增长而增加。AACS与CACS正相关(r=0.6356),发生瓣膜钙化的患者CACS更高(P<0.0001)。比较普遍钙化与全无钙化的患者,年龄、透析龄、体重指数、腹围、踝臂指数、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、超敏C反应蛋白、是否糖尿病存在差异(P<0.05),而收缩压、舒张压、血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺素、磷结合剂和活性维生素D的用药情况未见差异(P≥0.05)。高龄、高血钙、贫血、血脂异常是CAC的独立危险因素;高龄、血脂异常是AAC的独立危险因素;高龄和长透析龄是心脏瓣膜钙化的独立危险因素。心血管钙化指数(CCI)与CACS比较有良好的特异性和灵敏性。结论:本组患者心血管钙化的总发生率为70.83%,钙化部位不均衡。年龄、透析龄、血钙、血脂以及部分传统心血管危险因素与钙化的发生有关。CCI可能是更优质的血管钙化评价指标。

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objective:To explore the distribution of cardiovascular calcification in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its related factors. Methodology:One hundred fourty four patients with MHD were enrolled into this respective study. Coronary artery calcification score (CACS, Agaston score) was detected by spiral CT, abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS, Kauppila score) was determined by abdominal lateral radiographs, and the valve calcification was examined by cardiac ultrasound as well as the cardiovascular calcification index(CCI)was calculated . Results:The total calcification occurrence was 70.8%. The proportion of CACS beyond 100 was 50.7%. The proportion of AACS beyond 5 was 48.5%. In patients with valvular calcification, the mitral valve calcification (34.2%) was dominated. The calcification of the three parts developed with age and the duration of dialisys. Comparation of the two groups of patients with or without calcification of three parts showed differences between the age, duration of dialysis, body mass index, waist, ankle brachial index, serum creatinine, serum albumin, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, super sensitivity C reactive protein and whether diabetes patients. The age, long duration, hypercalcemia, anemia, dyslipidemia were independent risk factors for cardiovascular calcification. Cardiovascular calcification index have an excellent sensitivity and specificity comparing with CACS. Conclusion:The total calcification occurrence was 70.83%. The advanced age, long duration of dialysis, anemia, hypercalcemia, dyslipidemia were independent risk factors for cardiovascular calcification. CCI might be a better standard for cardiovascular calcification.

Key words: maintenance hemodialysis , coronary artery calcification, Abdominal aortic calcification, valvular calcification, cardiovascular calcification index