ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

导航

肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 314-320.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

新月体比例在Ⅳ型狼疮性肾炎患者中的临床意义

  

  • 出版日期:2014-08-28 发布日期:2014-09-02

Significance of crescent ratio in patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis

  • Online:2014-08-28 Published:2014-09-02

摘要:

摘 要  目的:探讨新月体比例在IV型狼疮性肾炎(LN)患者中的临床意义。方法:回顾性分析南京军区南京总医院全军肾脏病研究所2000年1月至2010年12月肾活检证实的520例新月体≥10%的IV型LN,根据光镜下肾小球中新月体形成的百分比将患者分为:组1(10%≤新月体%<25,N=240),组2(25%≤新月体%<50,N=160),组3(新月体%≥50,N=120),以100例无新月体形成的IV型 LN为对照,比较四组间临床、实验室和病理特点。结果:70名男性(13.4%)和450名女性(86.6%)患者,其平均年龄、平均发病年龄、SLE及LN病程分别为31.6±11.3岁,28.8±11.1岁,34.5±42.9月和20.7±34.1月。与对照组相比,新月体组患者病程更短,临床主要表现为急进性肾炎综合征(21.8%),肾病综合征(23.4%),发作性肉眼血尿(26.7%)和慢性肾功能不全(7.9%)。蛋白尿,镜下血尿和小管损伤标更重,低蛋白血症,高胆固醇血症更常见。血清学活动(补体低下,ANA, ds-DNA滴度)更低,LA和ANCA阳性率更高。病理上,免疫荧光可见肾小球免疫复合物沉积较弱。光镜下球性废弃比例高,袢坏死比例高,白金耳和毛细血管袢微血栓较少见,肾小管间质急性、慢性病变和血管病变重,间质广泛炎细胞浸润。肾外表现如贫血和高血压发生率高,而血小板减低、白细胞减少和肾外器官受累发生率低。新月体比例与浆膜炎发生率、高血压比例、贫血、肉眼血尿发生率、ANCA阳性率、袢坏死比例、尿素氮、肌酐水平、补体C3、C4水平、尿NAG酶、RBP酶、AI和CI评分成正相关,与年龄、LN病程、SLE病程和白金耳比例成负相关。结论:IV型LN合并新月体形成的患者多起病急,病程短,肾脏表现较重,肾外器官受累较轻,免疫学活动性较低,病理上袢坏死、小管萎缩、间质炎细胞浸润、纤维化突出,间质大量炎细胞浸润,肾小球免疫复合物沉积较少。

Abstract:

Objective: Crescentic nephritis is not rare in diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (DPLN). However, little is known about the clinicopathological features in DPLN with crescents worldwide. This study was undertaken to investigate the clinicopathological features and outcome of Chinese DPLN patients with different degree of crescents. Methodology: Five hundred and twenty DPLN patients with more than 10% histological crescents (cDPLN) were enrolled in this retrospective study. They were divided into three groups: group 1 (10%≤Crescent%<25, n=240), group 2 (25%≤Crescent%<50, n=160), and group 3 (Crescent%≥50, n=120). Another 100 patients without histological crescents were regarded as a control group. Their clinicopathological features, treatment response and outcome were compared among four groups. Results: They were 450 (86.6%) females and 70 (13.4%) males with an average age of 31.7±11.4ys. Compared with controls, cDPLN patients had shorter LN duration (20.7±34.1) vs (30.4±48.9)mths, higher prevalence of RPGN (21.8%), and gross hematuria (26.7%). Laboratory findings indicated more severe hypo-proteinemia, hyperlipoidemia, and renal insufficiency, heavier proteinuria and microscopic hematuria, higher levels of tubular injury parameters and lower serological activity in crescentic groups. Histologically, cDPLN patients had severe glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions, extensive leukocyte infiltration, together with a lesser degree of immune complex deposition. Crescent ratio correlated positively with the ratio of serositis, hypertension, anemia, gross hematuria, positive ANCA, cappilary necrosis, the levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, complement C3, C4, urinary NAG enzyme, RBP enzyme and AI, CI score, while correlated negatively with age, LN duration, SLE duration and the proportion of histological platinum ear phenomenon. Conclusions: cDPLN patients with acute onset and short disease duration mostly showed severe renal manifestations, less extra-renal organ involvement, lower serological activity, serious  capillary necrosis, severe tubulointerstitial inflammation, atrophy and fibrosis, prominent leukocyte infiltration and less glomerular immune complex deposition.

Key words: crescent, diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, clinicopathologica