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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 424-429.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液对血液透析患者高血压的影响

  

  • 出版日期:2010-10-28 发布日期:2010-11-05

Antihypertensive effect of citrate-based dialysate versus regular dialysate in bicarbonate hemodialysis

  • Online:2010-10-28 Published:2010-11-05

摘要:

目的:比较应用枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液与普通碳酸氢盐透析液治疗对维持性血液透析患者透析过程中高血压的影响。 方法:20例患者随机分为两组,各10例,分别使用枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液和普通碳酸氢盐透析液进行透析,第一组患者使用普通碳酸氢盐透析液治疗4周后切换为枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液治疗4周。第二组患者直接切换为枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液治疗4周后再次切换成普通碳酸氢盐透析液治疗4周。记录透析前后及透析过程中的实验室数据进行统计分析。 结果:(1)使用枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液进行透析过程中患者的平均收缩压明显低于普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时(P﹤0.01),平均MAP较普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时降低(P﹤0.05);枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液透析时患者透析中高血压的发生率为20%,明显低于使用普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时(3.3%,P﹤0.01)。(2)使用不同透析液透析时患者透前总钙离子与离子钙水平无统计学差异,枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液透析时患者透后血清钙离子和离子钙水平明显著低于普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时(P﹤0.01)。普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时患者透后血清钙及离子钙水平较透前显著升高(P﹤0.01),使用枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析时患者仅出现透后血清离子钙水平下降(P﹤0.01),而透前透后血清总钙水平无明显改变。(3)不同透析液透析前和透析后BUN均无统计学差异。虽然枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液透析时患者KT/V要略高于普通碳酸氢盐透析液透析时,但两者之间无统计学差异。两组患者均未出现严重的低血压及、低钙血症、抽搐等不良反应。  结论:应用枸橼酸碳酸氢盐透析液治疗对患者透析过程中高血压的控制明显优于普通碳酸氢盐透析液。在治疗过程中并未出现严重低血压、抽搐以及碱中毒等不良反应。虽然透后离子钙浓度减低,但并未发生明显低钙血症。证实了其临床有效性和安全性。由于本研究时间的限定,其对甲状旁腺功能的影响仍需更大样本、更长时间的前瞻性、随机对照研究进行进一步的观察。

Abstract:

Objective: To compare the antihypertensive effect of citrate-based dialysate versus regular dialysate in bicarbonate hemodialysis.  Methodology: In a crossover randomized design, twenty dialysis patients with hypertension during dialysis underwent two cycles of twelve successive hemodialysis sessions each with a regular bicarbonate and citrate bicarbonate dialysate. At the last three sessions of each cycle, hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate) were measured every hour during dialysis. At the twelfth session of each cycle, Ca level (iCa, Serum total calcium), acid-base status (PH, HCo3-) and dialysis efficient were assessed using standard biochemical marker. Result: (1)The patients receiving the citrate dialysate had significantly lower SBP, post-dialysis DBP and incidence of intradialysis hypertension, MAP was also lower than receiving regular bicarbonate dialysate. (2)When patients were treated with citrate dialysis, post-dialysis iCa level was significantly lower than pre-dialysis, but the total calcium concentration was not decreased. The patients receiving the regular dialysate had significantly higher post-dialysis iCa level and total calcium concentration. (3)The use of citrate was associated with an increased Kt/V, but there were no statistical differences. No patients developed severe hypotension, hypocalcemia, seizures and other side effect.  Conclusion:The positive impact on dialysis efficiency, BP and the safety,together indicated that citrate dialysate can significantly contribute to the imporvement hamodialysis in selected patients.