ISSN 1006-298X      CN 32-1425/R

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肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4): 309-316.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

局灶节段性肾小球硬化患者内皮细胞功能异常及临床意义

  

  • 出版日期:2010-08-28 发布日期:2010-10-18

Endothelial dysfunction in patients with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis

  • Online:2010-08-28 Published:2010-10-18

摘要:

目的:前瞻性观察局灶节段性肾小球硬化症(FSGS)患者的内皮细胞功能及其与疾病活动程度和并发症的关系。方法:经临床及肾脏病理确诊特发性FSGS、蛋白尿>=3.5g/d的63例患者进入本研究,其中11例合并静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)并发症,选取年龄、性别相匹配的32例健康志愿者作对照。常规方法测定24h尿蛋白定量、血白蛋白、血胆固醇、甘油三酯、血肌酐(Scr)、血红蛋白、血小板、纤维蛋白原以及肾小管损伤指标尿NAG、RBP;同时抽血查内皮损伤指标,包括循环内皮细胞计数(CECs)血管性血友病因子(vWF), 可溶性血栓调节蛋白(sTM), 血管细胞粘附分子(VCAM)和E选择素(ES),未合并VTE者于随访2月、6月、12月时复查后四项指标,方法均采用ELISA法;采用超敏方法测定血清C反应蛋白(CRP)以排除合并感染者。分析观察起点内皮损伤指标与其他临床指标及静脉血栓栓塞并发症(VTE)间的关系,并动态观察内皮细胞损伤指标的变化。结果:1. FSGS患者的各项内皮损伤标志物均高于正常对照组。2. 合并VTE者CECs、vWF水平高于无VTE者,差异有统计学意义。3. 相关性分析显示,未合并VTE者sTM、VCAM与Scr呈显著正相关,VCAM、vWF与NAG、RBP均有正相关性;4. 52例未合并VTE者随访2月时15例达完全缓解(CR),13例部分缓解(PR),15例无效(NR),8例失随访,1例进入腹透治疗退出本研究。CR组治疗后sTM、VCAM均明显下降,而vWF、ES水平变化不明显,PR组治疗前后相比sTM明显下降,余三项指标变化无统计学意义,NR组治疗前后各项内皮损伤指标均无明显变化;随访1年期间11例患者获得持续缓解,该组患者各观察点ES水平与正常对照组均无明显差异,sTM于随访2月时即降至正常,VCAM、vWF分别于随访2月、6月时开始下降,但随访12月时仍高于正常对照。结论:FSGS患者存在明显内皮细胞功能异常,内皮损伤可逆并且与疾病的活动程度及血栓栓塞并发症的发生有关,不同的损伤标志物下降速度不一致,改善内皮细胞功能的治疗可能成为FSGS治疗的重要方面,以减轻肾脏损伤、减少并发症。

Abstract:

Objectice: To find out the association between endothelial dysfunction and the disease activity the markers of endothelial dysfuntion in patients with FSGS at different stages of the disease were assessed. Methodology: Sixty-three patients with FSGS (aged 10 to 59 years) and 32 sex- and age- macthed healthy volunteers were included in this longitudinal study. Among these patients, 11 cases had complicated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). The markers of endothelial dysfunction including circulating endothelial cells (CECs), von Willebrand factor (vWF), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) and E-selectin (ES) were assessed at baseline. Markers except CECs were rechecked after 2, 6, and 12 months’ treatment. Results: Patients with FSGS had significantly higher plasma levels of CECs, vWF, sTM, VCAM and ES compared to controls. The levels of CECs and vWF were higher in patients with VTE than those without VTE. In patients without VTE, both sTM and VCAM were positively related to serum creatinine. VCAM as well as vWF was also correlated significantly with urine NAG and RBP. After 2 months therapy, 8 cases were lost to follow up, 15 achieved complete remission (CR), 13 got partial remission(PR)and 15 had no response (NR), 1 was withdrawn as she went into peritoneal dialysis. The plasma levels of all the markers studied before and after treatment were not significantly different in NR group, but in PR group, the level of sTM decreased significantly, while the other three markers had no obvious change. Patients who achieved CR had significently decreased plasma levels of sTM and VCAM, but the levels of vWF and ES did not change significantly. There were 11 patients who obtained continuous complete remission (CCR) during the one year follow up, and the markers of endothelial dysfuntion in these patients decreased systematically to normal levels except vWF and VCAM, the levels of which remained higher than those of controls. Conclusion: The patients with FSGS had endothelial dysfuction which is related to the disease activity and VTE complications. Endothelial dysfunction is reversible. To improve endothelial function may offer a novel strategy to reduce renal insult and complications.

Key words: endothelial dysfuntion, , FSGS, disease activity, venous thromboemb-olism