Abstract: In recent years, autoantibodies targeting specific functional proteins of the renal tubules have been increasingly identified, and these antibodies can lead to acquired tubular dysfunction. However, these diseases are relatively rare, exhibit heterogeneous clinical presentations, and lack specific diagnostic biomarkers, resulting in insufficient clinical recognition. This article systematically elucidates the classification features of these diseases and reviews related research advances, with the aim of enhancing clinical understanding and promoting the development of targeted tubular intervention strategies.

Key words: autoantibody, tubulopathy, autoimmunity