Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients after hemodialysis (HD), and analyze the impacts of immune function, changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load, comorbidities, treatment regimens and other factors on the disease. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 87 AIDS patients complicated with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who received HD treatment at Chengdu Public Health Clinical Center from August 2017 to December 2021 were enrolled. The immune function indicators of the patients, including CD4+T lymphocyte count, CD8+T lymphocyte count and CD4/CD8 ratio, as well as HIV viral load, comorbidities and medication status were observed. Results: Among the 87 patients, 68 were male (78.16%), with a mean age of 53.38±13.44 years (range:23-82 years). The primary cause of ESKD was HIV-associated nephropathy (43.68%). Common comorbidities included renal anemia (81.61%) and hypertension (74.71%). The main anti-HIV regimens were abacavir+lamivudine+lopinavir/ritonavir (25.29%) and lamivudine+lopinavir/ritonavir (20.69%). After HD treatment, the patients’ CD4+T lymphocyte count increased significantly (F=8.42, P=0.0005), the CD8+T lymphocyte count decreased significantly (F=19.67, P=0.0001), the CD4/CD8 ratio increased significantly (F=6.23, P=0.0008), and the HIV viral load decreased significantly (χ²=156.23, P<0.001). Conclusion: For AIDS patients with ESKD, their immune function was partially improved and the viral load was significantly reduced after HD, yet immunodeficiency still existed.

Key words: font-family:Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ", font-size:16px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, end-stage kidney disease, clinical characteristics, hemodialysis