Abstract: Organonachip is a microfluidic cell culture device that integrates multidisciplinary technologies from medicine, biology, and physics. It aims to replicate the structure and function on organlevels and to provide a new tool for in vitro experiments. In recent years,several organonchips have been developed,showing unique advantages in the fields of tissue development,drug screening and modeling various diseases. With respect to nephrology, researchers focus on simulating the nephron with kidneyonachip to establish in vitro models of kidney diseases and explore the pathogenesis; or constructing nephrotoxic models for development of new drugs. This review will retrospect development, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of organonachip, introduce features and applications of tubuleonachip, glomerulusonachip, nephrononachip, multiorgansonachip including kidney, and summarize research progresses of organonachip in kidney diseases.

Key words: organ-on-a-chip, microfluidic, tubule-on-a-chip, glomerulus-on-a-chip