Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy are common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus.Epidemiologic studies show they tend to occur together and are one of the risk factors for each other.In recent years,people have explored the reasons for the association between diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy from the perspective of genetic basis and pathogenesis,and they have tried to figure out the prediction and therapeutic regimen for diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.