Abstract: Aquaporin⁃1 (AQP1) serves as a critical regulator of water transport during peritoneal dialysis (PD), with its expression and functional status directly influencing ultrafiltration efficiency and clinical outcomes. AQP1 not only facilitates transmembrane water movement across peritoneal capillaries but also plays an active role in the pathophysiological processes associated with PD. At the molecular level, genetic polymorphisms of the AQP1 gene are closely linked to inter⁃individual differences in water transport capacity, with certain genotypes contributing to reduced ultrafiltration efficiency and poorer prognoses. During inflammatory responses, AQP1 modulates immune cell migration, macrophage motility, and angiogenesis, thereby participating in the onset and progression of peritonitis. Selective AQP1 agonists have been shown to enhance water transport without compromising solute clearance, offering a promising therapeutic strategy. This review systematically summarizes the pivotal role of AQP1 in PD and its potential as a therapeutic target, while also discussing current research limitations and future directions. The aim is to provide novel theoretical insights and research perspectives to optimize PD therapy.

Key words: font-family:Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ", font-size:16px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">peritoneal dialysis、aquaporin?1、genetic polymorphism