Abstract: Exhaustion of upper limb vascular resources and/or central venous stenosis or occlusion makes maintenance hemodialysis patients face difficulties in establishing arteriovenous fistula (AVF) at traditional sites. As an alternative vascular access, lower limb autologous AVFs have not yet received sufficient attention. This article systematically reviews the clinical application and recent progress of lower limb AVFs. It compares the differences in patency rates and complications between lower limb autologous AVFs and prosthetic grafts, provides recommendations on patient selection and technical improvements, and aims to provide references for formulating individualized clinical decisions on vascular access.

Key words: font-family:Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ", font-size:16px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">hemodialysis、lower extremity、autologous arteriovenous fistula