Abstract:

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is one of the most devastating fungal diseases in immunocompromised patients and remains the primary opportunistic infections in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）. In addition, the increasingly frequent use of corticosteroids, chemotherapy, and other immunosuppressive drugs had led to an outbreak of PCP in nonHIVpatients. These patients presenting with PCP have more rapid and severe symptoms, leading to delay the initiation of a specific antiinfective therapy. Fortunately, the contribution of new diagnostic tools and should improve their survival.

Key words: pneumocystis jirovecii, immunocompromised, pneumonia