Abstract:

 Proteinuria is a major health issue that influences millions of people around. Proteinuria is the main indicator and prognostic marker of kidney disease, and also an independent risk factor for the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. Microalbuminuria is the earliest indicator of renal complications in patients with diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. In the development of chronic kidney disease, about 10% -50% of patients can progress to overt proteinuria, eventually develop to ESRD and require dialysis or transplantation. Therefore, to reduce or prevent the occurrence of proteinuria is very important.

Key words: proteinuria , podocytes , cytoskeletal structure