Abstract: Immune cells can systematically transform their metabolic patterns by activating metabolic reprogramming mechanisms when encountering different microenvironments, thereby meeting the energy demands for executing diverse functions. This process plays a pivotal role in the onset, progression, and outcomes of various diseases. Recent studies have confirmed that immune cell metabolic reprogramming is closely associated with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the process of renal fibrosis. Targeted modulation of key metabolic pathways in immune cells, such as glycolipid metabolism, holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy against renal fibrosis. This review systematically summarizes the key mechanisms of immune cell metabolic reprogramming, outlines its role in renal fibrosis, and explores the clinical translation potential of related targeted intervention strategies.

Key words: immune cells, metabolic reprogramming, chronic kidney disease, renal fibrosis